The rapid development of molecular biology and bioinformatics has fueled renewed interests in anaerobic fungi from the phylum Neocallimastigomycota. This chapter presents well-established methods for isolation, routine cultivation, and cryopreservation of anaerobic fungi. Moreover, detailed nucleic acid extraction protocols are provided, which should enable readers to isolate high-quality DNA and RNA from a variety of anaerobic fungal culture media for downstream applications such as next-generation sequencing.
Keywords: Anaerobic fungi; Consecutive batch culture; Cultivation; DNA extraction; Genomes; Isolation; Neocallimastigomycota; Next-generation sequencing; RNA extraction; Transcriptomes.