Objective: To summarize the molecular biological research progress of non-coding RNAs modulating osteoarthritis (OA), and provide a reference basis for biological study and clinical treatment of OA.
Methods: Recent domestic and foreign related literature about the regulation of OA pathological process by non-coding RNAs was widely reviewed.
Results: Non-coding RNAs can be divided into three types based on the length of RNA. A lot of non-coding RNAs participating in OA pathological process are screened out by high throughput sequencing technology and microarray technology, and it is verified that these non-coding RNAs involve in the regulation of OA by RT-PCR. The mechanism of OA mediated target is clarified by knocking-down and overexpressing of the most prominent expressed non-coding RNAs in OA. There are the complicated gene expressed network topology in non-coding RNAs, and between non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs. It provides a basis for clearing the effect of gene structure and function, and finding the definite therapeutic target of OA.
Conclusion: There is preliminary study on molecular biological mechanism of non-coding RNAs mediating OA, but the key structure or sequence of non-coding RNAs, formation and interaction of effecting composite structure about mediating OA are unknown, and it needs further study.
目的: 总结非编码 RNA 调控骨关节炎（osteoarthritis，OA）的分子生物学研究进展，为生物学研究及临床治疗 OA 提供参考。.
方法: 广泛查阅近年国内外有关非编码 RNA 调控 OA 病理过程的相关研究报道，并进行总结。.
结果: 根据 RNA 长度可将非编码 RNA 分为 3 类。相关研究采用高通量测序技术以及基因芯片技术筛选出大量与 OA 发病过程相关的非编码 RNA，并经 RT-PCR 验证此类非编码 RNA 多参与了 OA 的调控；通过对 OA 中表达最显著的非编码 RNA 进行基因敲减及过表达，明确了其调控 OA 的作用靶点；以及了解了非编码 RNA 间以及非编码 RNA 与编码 RNA 间存在复杂的基因共表达网络拓扑结构，为明确基因间结构及功能的相互作用、寻求 OA 治疗靶点提供线索。.
结论: 目前对于非编码 RNA 调控 OA 病理过程的分子生物学机制已有初步研究，但每个非编码 RNA 发挥调控作用的关键结构或序列，以及其效应复合结构的组建及相互作用机制仍未明确，有待进一步研究。.
Keywords: Non-coding RNA; molecular biology; osteoarthritis.