Objective: To investigate the feasibility of the anastomosis of the anterior branch of obturator nerve and the muscular branch of femoral nerve.
Methods: Five fresh frozen cadavers, including 3 males and 2 females, were included. Both of the obturator nerve, femoral nerve and their branches were dissected, then their routes and anatomical positions were observed. The diameter and the number of myelinated nerve fiber of the anterior branch of obturator nerve and femoral nerve muscular branches were measured, as well as the overlap distance between them.
Results: The diameter of myelinated nerve fiber of the anterior branch of obturator nerve was (3.80±1.22) mm; the number of myelinated nerve fiber was 11 358±800. The diameters of the rectus femoris branch and the medial femoral branch were (1.60±0.54) mm and (2.20±0.66) mm, respectively; the number of myelinated nerve fiber were 4 961±655 and 6 666±466. Both the diameter and number of myelinated nerve fiber were close to the anterior branch of obturator nerve. The anterior branch of obturator nerve could be directly anastomosed with each nerve branch of femoral nerve in nontension, and the overlap distance was about 30 mm.
Conclusion: It is feasible to repair the femoral nerve by transposed the anterior branch of obturator nerve and anastomosed with the femoral nerve muscular branches. And the rectus femoris branch and the medial femoral branch should be taken as the recipient nerve.
目的: 观察闭孔神经前支移位和股神经肌支吻合的可行性，为临床应用闭孔神经前支移位修复股神经损伤提供解剖学依据。.
方法: 新鲜成人冰冻尸体 5 具（男 3 具、女 2 具），解剖双侧闭孔神经、股神经及其分支，观察其走行及解剖位置，测量闭孔神经前支以及股神经各肌支的直径、有髓神经纤维数目，闭孔神经前支移位后与股神经各肌支的重叠距离。.
结果: 闭孔神经前支直径为（3.80±1.22）mm，有髓神经纤维数为 11 358±800；股直肌支、股内侧肌支直径分别为（1.60±0.54）、（2.20±0.66）mm，有髓神经纤维数分别为 4 961±655、6 666±466，两者直径以及有髓神经纤维数之和与闭孔神经前支接近。闭孔神经前支移位后均能与股神经各肌支在无张力下直接吻合，且有约 30 mm 的重叠。.
结论: 闭孔神经前支移位和股神经肌支吻合修复股神经损伤可行，从神经再生动力与匹配程度来说，股神经的股直肌支、内侧肌支宜作为受体神经。.
Keywords: Obturator nerve; femoral nerve; nerve injury; nerve transposition.