Objective: To study the relationship between sagittal facet joint and degenerative lumber spondylolisthesis (DLS) by observing the changes of the lumbar facet joint angle.
Methods: Fifty-seven patients with DLS who met the inclusion criteria between January 2013 and February 2016 were collected (DLS group). There were 26 males and 31 females, with the mean age of 54.0 years (range, 34-84 years). Forty patients without DLS at same stage were collected as control group. There were 23 males and 17 females with the mean age of 55.6 years (range, 29-82 years). There was no significant difference in gender and age between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The lumbar facet joint angles were measured and compared by MRI scanning images in 2 groups. In DLS group, X-ray films were used to evaluated the degree of the lumbar spondylolisthesis on the basis of the Meyerding standard, and compared the facet joint angles between patients of different DLS degree.
Results: Facet joint angles in the DLS group [(34.18± 4.81)°] were significantly smaller than those in control group [(45.87±1.09)°] ( t=15.073, P=0.000). In DLS group, the patients were rated as degree Ⅰ in 24 cases, degree Ⅱ in 19 cases, degree Ⅲ in 14 cases. As the degree of DLS increased, the lumbar joint angle decreased gradually, and showing significantly differences between patients of different DLS degree ( P<0.05).
Conclusion: Sagittal lumbar facet joint may be one of the main risk factors of DLS.
目的: 通过观察腰椎小关节角的改变，探讨腰椎小关节矢状化与退行性腰椎滑脱（degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis，DLS）间的相关性。.
方法: 研究纳入 2013 年 1 月—2016 年 2 月收治并符合选择标准的 DLS 患者 57 例（DLS 组），其中男 26 例，女 31 例；年龄 34～84 岁，平均 54.0 岁。以 40 例同期收治的非 DLS 患者作为对照组，男 23 例，女 17 例；年龄 29～82 岁，平均 55.6 岁。两组患者性别及年龄比较，差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。两组行腰椎 MRI 扫描，测量并比较腰椎小关节角差异；DLS 组常规摄腰椎正侧位 X 线片，参照 Meyerding 分度标准对腰椎滑脱进行分度，比较不同分度患者间腰椎小关节角差异。.
结果: DLS 组腰椎小关节角为（34.18±4.81）°，显著小于对照组的（45.87±1.09）°，比较差异有统计学意义（ t=15.073， P=0.000）。DLS 组中Ⅰ度滑脱 24 例，Ⅱ度 19 例，Ⅲ度 14 例；其腰椎小关节角分别为（39.00±2.69）、（32.15±1.68）、（28.68±1.23）°；随滑脱程度增加，腰椎小关节角逐渐减小，比较差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。.
结论: 腰椎小关节矢状化可能是发生 DLS 的风险因素之一。.
Keywords: Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis; lumbar facet joint; sagittal.