Serratus-intercostal interfascial block as an opioid-saving strategy in supra-umbilical open surgery

Abstract

Introduction: The administration of local anaesthetic in the serratus-intercostal space provides adequate analgesia in non-reconstructive breast surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the blockage of the last intercostal nerves (T7-T11) can lead to opioid savings in supra-umbilical open surgery procedures.

Material and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on patients undergoing open supra-umbilical surgery under general anaesthesia and with a serratus-intercostal plane block [modified Blocking the bRanches of IntercostaL nerves in the Middle Axillary line (BRILMA)] as an associated analgesic strategy. Post-operative pain was assessed with the numerical verbal scale (NVS 0 to 10) on admission to the post-anAesthesia recovery unit, at 6, 12, 24, and 48h postintervention and by need for analgesic rescues with opioids (2mg iv of morphine, if values higher than 3 in NVS). Adverse events related to the technique were also recorded. The statistical package used in the analysis of the data was SPSS® for Windows.

Results: The study recruited 52 patients. Differences, with a p<.05, were found intra-operatively in the consumption of fentanyl: 400 + 80μg versus 110 + 50μg in patients who underwent pre-incisional blockade. In the first 24hours, only 3 cases (two gastrectomies and one cholecystectomy) required morphine (single bolus of 2mg). Between 24h and 48h it was necessary to administer several morphine boluses (8 + 2mg) in four patients (three gastrectomies and one cholecystectomy). Four patients presented with nausea and / or vomiting and there were no complications related to the analgesic technique.

Conclusion: The intercostal nerves block (T7-T11) in the serratus-intercostal space may constitute an opioid-sparing analgesic strategy in open supra-umbilical surgery.

Keywords: Analgesia multimodal; Bloqueo interfascial serrato-intercostal ecoguiado; Cirugía abierta supraumbilical; Dolor postoperatorio; Multimodal analgesia; Open supra-umbilical surgery; Opioid; Opioides; Post-operative pain; Ultrasound-guided serratus-intercostal interfascial block.