Life style and risk of atypical eating disorders in university students: Reality versus perception

Enferm Clin (Engl Ed). 2019 Sep-Oct;29(5):280-290. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2018.03.002. Epub 2018 May 18.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: The objectives of this paper were to determine weight status, eating, and alcohol drinking and smoking habits of university students, to determine the association between these variables with negative self-perception of their eating habits and to assess the risk of developing eating disorders.

Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 422 university students. The parameters analyzed were: nutritional status, eating habits, alcohol/ tobacco consumption, and risk of eating disorder. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with a negative perception of eating habits.

Results: Out of the whole population that was analyzed, 5% were underweight, 16% overweight and 4% obese. Fifty-five percent of the sample analyzed did not consume five meals a day. The recommended foods for daily consumption were consumed below recommendations, while sausages/fatty meats, industrial pastries, lean meats, and fish were over-consumed. Overall, the population perceived their eating habits as good/very good (63%). Alcohol and tobacco consumption predominated at weekends. The girls were more image-conscious (80.6% vs. 66%) and fearful of gaining weight (52.5% vs. 23.9%). Almost 30% had a distorted perception of body image. There was a 12.8% risk of atypical anorexia nervosa and 4.7% of atypical bulimia nervosa.

Conclusions: College students led unhealthy lifestyles, mainly due to eating habits that do not conform to the establish recommendations. More than 17% are at risk of developing an atypical eating disorder. This information may be of interest in developing preventive actions.

Keywords: Alcohol abuse; Anorexia; Autoimagen; Bulimia; Conducta alimentaria; Consumo alcohol; Consumo tabaco; Eating behaviours; Self-concept; Smoking.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Alcohol Drinking in College
  • Animals
  • Anorexia Nervosa / etiology
  • Anorexia Nervosa / psychology
  • Body Image / psychology
  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Weight
  • Bulimia Nervosa / etiology
  • Bulimia Nervosa / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Feeding Behavior / psychology*
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders / etiology*
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders / psychology
  • Female
  • Fishes
  • Humans
  • Life Style*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Meat Products
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutritional Status
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Smoking / epidemiology
  • Students / psychology*
  • Universities
  • Young Adult