Teeth impaction is a common developmental malformation in oral diseases. Impacted teeth are usually the canines, third molar, central incisors, premolars, and second molars. The prevalence of impaction of maxillary canines and mandibular wisdom teeth is higher than that of other teeth. Most recent studies have focused on the canines and third molars, but research on impacted premolars is limited. In clinical practice, the majority of orthodontic patients require premolar extraction. Thus, impacted premolars play important roles in orthodontic design and prognosis. This article provides an overview of recent research on impacted premolars and summarizes epidemiological features, localizations, and treatments, with the aim of guiding practitioners on orthodontic design and therapy.
阻生牙是口腔中较常见的一种发育畸形，以尖牙、第三磨牙、中切牙、前磨牙及第二磨牙的阻生多见，尤以下颌第三磨牙及上颌尖牙阻生的患病率最高。目前国内外学者对阻生牙的研究主要集中在上颌尖牙和第三磨牙方面，对阻生前磨牙的研究甚少。临床上，很大一部分正畸患者需要进行拔牙矫治，且拔牙牙位主要位于前磨牙区，可见阻生前磨牙对正畸矫治设计及预后影响极大。本文对阻生前磨牙现有的研究状况进行综述，对阻生前磨牙的流行病学特点、临床定位和治疗方法进行总结，以期为正畸医生制定正畸矫治计划提供参考。.
Keywords: impaction; location; premolars; prevalence; treatment.