This report summarized current knowledge and findings relevant to environmental and genetic risk factors in brain tumors, with a particular focus on glioma. To date, the established risk factors for brain tumors are family history and ionizing radiation exposure; whereas there is an inverse association between tumors and other factors such as history of allergies, atopic conditions, chickenpox, and varicella zoster virus infection. To identify inherited genetic variants impacting susceptibility of brain tumors, large scale familial linkage-scan pedigree analysis, population-based candidate genes, and genome-wide association study were performed. More recently, next generation exome and whole genome sequencing studies were also conducted.
总结目前在脑肿瘤特别是胶质瘤领域关于其环境及遗传危险因素的主要认识及发现。脑肿瘤家族患病史及电离辐射暴露史为已明确的脑肿瘤危险因素；而其他因素如过敏史、特应性状态、水痘病史、水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染则为与脑肿瘤发病存在负性关系的潜在因素。此外，目前已有一些采用大规模家族连锁-扫描系谱分析、全基因组关联分析和采用下一代外显子及全外显子测序技术的研究，旨在进一步识别与脑肿瘤易感性相关的遗传变异。.