Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Tumor Microenvironment Transformation: The Mechanism of Radioresistant Gastric Cancer

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Mar 27:2018:5801209. doi: 10.1155/2018/5801209. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Radioresistance is one of the primary causes responsible for therapeutic failure and recurrence of cancer. It is well documented that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the initiation and development of gastric cancer (GC), and the levels of ROS are significantly increased in patients with GC accompanied with abnormal expressions of multiple inflammatory factors. It is also well documented that ROS can activate cancer cells and inflammatory cells, stimulating the release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines, which subsequently mediates the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance as well as renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), ultimately resulting in radioresistance and recurrence of GC.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
  • Humans
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Radiation Tolerance
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
  • Stomach Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Tumor Microenvironment / physiology*

Substances

  • NF-kappa B
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases