A successful cardiac catheterization Laboratory radiation safety program must manage patient and staff safety by reducing exposure to ionizing radiation to a level that is as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). The first step in radiation safety is to avoid unnecessary use of ionizing radiation by justification of exposure, one of the basic principles of radiation protection. All individuals involved in fluoroscopic imaging procedures should familiarize themselves to the measures to protect themselves from exposure to unsafe doses of ionizing radiation.