Rapid Screening of Urinary Tract Infection and Discrimination of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria by Automated Flow Cytometric Analysis Using Sysmex UF-5000

J Clin Microbiol. 2018 Jul 26;56(8):e02004-17. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02004-17. Print 2018 Aug.

Abstract

Rapid screening of urinary tract infection is important to determine antibiotic treatment and reduce unnecessary urine culture. We evaluated the performance of the new flow cytometry-based UF-5000 automated urine analyzer (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). A total of 1,430 urine samples from 1,226 patients were analyzed and compared to urine cultures to which a Previ Isola (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) system was applied. In total, 878 of 1,430 urine cultures (61.4%) produced ≥103 CFU/ml bacterial growth (309 with Gram-negative [GN] bacteria, 517 with Gram-positive [GP] bacteria, and 52 mixed cultures), with 336 samples (23.5%) presenting ≥105 CFU/ml bacterial growth. The ≥105 CFU/ml bacterial growth was detected by a ≥71 bacteria/μl UF-5000 bacterial count with 95% sensitivity and 84% specificity. Using a cutoff of <15 bacteria/μl to determine whether or not to culture, 50.9% of samples were below the cutoff, 94.8 and 99.5% of which presented <104 and <105 CFU/ml of bacterial growth, respectively. The bacterial discrimination performance of the UF-5000 for GN bacteria was superior to that for GP bacteria, and in ≥105 CFU/ml monobacterial samples, the sensitivity and specificity for reporting GN bacteria were 91.7 and 90.0%, respectively. In summary, UF-5000 demonstrated potential utility for the rapid screening of negative bacterial cultures. However, this utility is dependent on the patient population; cutoff optimizations must be performed for specific populations. In addition, UF-5000 presented improved performance in characterizing GP and GN bacteria, although the concurrence rates were not high enough to replace routine cultures.

Keywords: bacterial discrimination; flow cytometry; urinary tract infection; urine culture.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Automation, Laboratory*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diagnostic Tests, Routine
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry / standards*
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / growth & development
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / isolation & purification*
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / growth & development
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / isolation & purification*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Microbiological Techniques / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Time Factors
  • Urinary Tract Infections / diagnosis*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / urine
  • Urine / microbiology
  • Young Adult