Background and aims:: Even though hydrodilatation has been used for 50 years, the evidence on its effectiveness is not clear. Only one earlier review has strictly focused on this treatment method. The aims of this study are to evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of hydrodilatation in treatment of adhesive capsulitis and, if appropriate, to assess the correlation between the effects of this procedure and the amount of fluid injected.
Materials and methods:: A literature search on MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases was done; random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were employed; and cost-effectiveness and safeness analyses were left outside the scope of the review.
Results:: Of the 270 records identified through search, 12 studies were included in qualitative and quantitative analysis and seven were included in a meta-analysis. The lower 95% confidence interval for the effect of hydrodilatation on pain severity was 0.12 indicating small effect size and mean number needed to treat 12. The pooled effect of hydrodilatation on disability level was insignificant 0.2 (95% confidence interval: -0.04 to 0.44). The lower 95% confidence interval for the effect of hydrodilatation on the range of shoulder motion was close to zero (0.07) indicating small effect size with mean number needed to treat 12. The amount of injected solution did not have a substantial effect on pain severity or range of shoulder motion. The heterogeneity level I2 was acceptable from 0% to 60%.
Conclusion:: According to current evidence, hydrodilatation has only a small, clinically insignificant effect when treating adhesive capsulitis.
Keywords: Frozen shoulder; adhesive capsulitis; hydrodilatation; hydrodistension; meta-analysis; systematic review.