Objective Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with several clinical syndromes, one of which is acute non-ST-segment ACS (NSTE-ACS). S100A1 is a calcium-dependent regulator of heart contraction and relaxation. We investigated the association between the serum S100A1 level and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score in patients with NSTE-ACS and the potential of using the serum S100A1 level to predict the 30-day prognosis of NSTE-ACS. Methods The clinical characteristics of 162 patients with NSTE-ACS were analyzed to determine the GRACE score. The serum S100A1 concentration was determined using fasting antecubital venous blood. The patients were divided into different groups according to the serum S100A1 level, and the 30-day NSTE-ACS prognosis was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The serum S100A1 levels differed significantly among the groups. Correlation analysis showed that the serum S100A1 level was positively correlated with the GRACE score. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the number of 30-day cardiac events was significantly higher in patients with an S100A1 level of >3.41 ng/mL. Conclusions S100A1 is a potential biomarker that can predict the progression of NSTE-ACS and aid in its early risk stratification and prognosis.
Keywords: GRACE score; Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS); S100A1; biomarker; diagnosis; prognosis.