Background: Virilism is a female disorder in which secondary male sexual characteristics develop, caused by an excessive adrenal or ovarian androgen secretion.
Case presentation: Here, we report an unusual case of an ovarian steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified (NOS), in a 68-year-old female who presented with androgenic alopecia, clitoromegaly and an increased muscle mass. Laboratory investigations revealed both ovarian and adrenal hyperandrogenism with an elevation of androgen precursors mimicking congenital adrenal hyperplasia. A left adnexal mass was confirmed by imaging techniques. A laparoscopic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of an ovarian steroid cell tumor NOS. After surgical intervention, circulating androgen levels and their precursors returned to normal values in the postmenopausal woman.
Conclusions: A detailed anamnesis and physical examination are key to the correct diagnosis in a woman with hyperandrogenism independent of her circulating androgen profile.
Keywords: 17-hydroxyprogesterone; hyperandrogenism; steroid cell ovarian tumor; virilization.