To study the effects of supplemental lighting with ultraviolet (UV), blue and red-blue lights on quality development of grape berries under protected cultivation to promote early maturing, four-year-old vines of 'Ruidu Xiangyu' grape using 'Beta' as rootstock were used in this experiment. The results indicated that blue and ultraviolet lights were poor in greenhouse environment. Compared with the control, blue and ultraviolet lights lasting 6 hours at night significantly accele-rated the increase of berry mass, fruit diameter, sugar content and the decrease of acidity content during the grape development, but the effect of red-blue light was not obvious. At the fruit maturation, berries supplemented with the three types of light were heavier, and those treated with the UV light were the heaviest. Additionally, grape berries supplemented with blue light had the highest glucose, fructose and total sugar contents, while the sugar contents in berries supplemented with UV light was lower than that under blue light and higher than that under the red-blue light. Volatile linalool, geraniol, terpineol and nerol reached their peak contents ear-liest in berries supplemented with blue light during the developmental stage. At fruit maturation, berries supplemented with blue light had the highest linalool and citronellol contents, while those with UV light had the highest geraniol, hexanal and E-2-hexenal contents, and supplemented with red-blue light had lower linalool content than the control. Moreover, supplementary light was also beneficial for the accumulation of volatile aldehydes and ketones. In conclusion, blue supplementary light could accelerate the development of grape berries as their sugar content was highest and main terpenes reached their peak contents earliest.Grape berries supplemented with UV light had the largest single berry mass and most abundant volatile compounds, while red-blue light treatment was not so effective on quality improvement.
以4年生‘贝达’嫁接的早熟葡萄品种‘瑞都香玉’为试材,研究设施促早栽培条件下,紫外光、蓝光和红蓝光不同光质补光对果实品质的影响,结果表明: 促早栽培节能日光温室内环境属于典型的弱蓝紫光和弱紫外光环境.与对照(未补光)相比,夜间6 h的蓝光和紫外光补光处理可显著加快葡萄果实发育过程中质量和果粒纵横径的增大、果实糖含量的升高以及酸含量的下降,红蓝光效果不明显.果实成熟期紫外光补光处理果实的单粒质量最高,蓝光与红蓝光处理显著高于对照;蓝光补光处理果实葡萄糖、果糖和总糖含量最高,紫外光次之,红蓝光略高于对照.与对照相比,蓝光补光处理可显著加快果实中里那醇、α-萜品醇、橙花醇等萜烯类组分含量高峰的出现,而紫外光、红蓝光补光处理差异较小.果实成熟期蓝光补光处理果实中里那醇、香茅醇等萜烯类物质含量最高,紫外光补光处理里那醇含量较高,香叶醇、己醛、E-2-己烯醛等主要香气物质的含量最高,而红蓝光补光处理里那醇的含量与对照相比有所降低.紫外光、蓝光和红蓝光3种光质补光处理均增加了果实中醛酮类物质的种类及含量.表明蓝光补光处理果实发育最快,成熟最早,糖含量最高,里那醇等萜烯类物质含量高峰出现的时间最早;紫外光补光处理果实的单粒质量最大,主要萜烯类组分含量高;红蓝光补光处理对改善果实品质的效果不明显.
Keywords: blue light; grape; protected cultivation to promote early maturing; red-blue light; ultraviolet light; volatile compounds.