Cell autophagy plays a key role in maintaining intracellular nutritional homeostasis during starvation through elimination of aberrant or obsolete cellular structures. The cellular cytoskeleton has a crucial role in multiple processes involving membrane rearrangements and vesicle-mediated events. Autophagy is mediated by both microtubules and actin networks: microtubules promote the synthesis of autophagosome and are related to the movement of autophagosome; actin networks have been implicated in structurally supporting the expanding of phagophore, moving autophagosomes and enabling their efficient fusion with the lysosome; non-muscle myosinⅡoperates in the early stages of autophagy during the initiation and expansion of the phagophore, whereas myosinⅥ and myosin 1C are involved in the late stages of autophagosome maturation and fusion with the lysosome, respectively. This review summarizes the multiple regulation of cytoskeleton on autophagy and focuses on the regulation of autophagy by actin and myosin, providing a new approach for the study of pathogenesis and innovative therapies of autophagy related diseases.
细胞自噬主要通过清除细胞中异常或多余的结构，起到维持饥饿过程中物质和能量的代谢稳定的功能，而细胞骨架调控涉及膜重排和囊泡转运等多种细胞进程。细胞自噬受到微管和肌动蛋白丝的调控:微管促进自噬体的合成，与自噬体的移动密切相关；肌动蛋白丝支撑自噬泡的扩张，促进自噬体的移动以及与溶酶体的融合；非肌性肌球蛋白ⅡA 参与调控自噬体形成初期的膜传递，肌球蛋白Ⅵ和肌球蛋白 1C 分别影响自噬体的成熟以及自噬体与溶酶体的融合。本文综述了细胞骨架系统对细胞自噬的多重调节，重点介绍肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白对自噬进程的调控，以期为研究自噬相关疾病的发病机制以及开创新的疗法提供一些新的思路。.
Keywords: actin; autophagy; cytoskeleton; microtubule; myosin.