It has been found for more than one century that when experiencing mechanical loading, the structure of bone will adapt to the changing mechanical environment, which is called bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is charaterized as two processes of bone formation and bone resorption. A large number of studies have confirmed that the shear stress is resulted from interstitial fluid flow within bone cavities under mechanical loading and it is the key factor of stimulating the biological responses of bone cells. This review summarizes the major research progress during the past years, including the biological response of bone cells under fluid flow, the pressure within bone cavities, the theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experiments about fluid flow within bone, and finally analyzes and predicts the possible tendency in this field in the future.
骨重建是以骨形成和骨吸收为特征的重要生理过程，人们早已发现骨组织受到力学载荷作用后，会通过骨重建过程优化其结构以适应变化的载荷环境。目前已有大量研究证实，载荷作用下骨内孔隙结构中的液体会发生流动，所产生的流体剪切力是使骨组织细胞产生生物学响应的主要因素。本文综述了近年来骨内液体流动方面的相关研究进展和成果，主要包括流体刺激下骨组织细胞的生物学响应，骨孔隙中的压力及其对液体流动的影响，以及骨内液体流动的实验、理论及数值模拟研究，并对骨内液体流动研究未来的发展趋势加以分析和展望。.
Keywords: bone cells; cavity structure; fluid flow; lacunar-canalicular system; trabecula.