A controlled greenhouse experiment was designed with the invasive Wedelia trilobata and native W. chinensis. Three water level fluctuation treatments (no fluctuation, change pattern by 15 cm-0 cm-15 cm, change pattern by 0 cm-15 cm-0 cm) were crossed with five plant arrangement treatments (an individual invasive plant per pot, an individual native plant per pot, 6 invasive plants per pot, 6 native plants per pot, six plants per pot with three invasive and three native plants) to explore the effects of water level fluctuation on inter- and intra-specific relationships between W. trilobata and W. chinensis. The results showed that water level fluctuation decreased signifi-cantly the total biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, root biomass, stem length, number of nodes, number of leaves and leaf area of W. trilobata and W. chinensis. Meantime it had significant effects on the inter- and intra-specific competition between W. trilobata and W. chinensis. Water level fluctuation changed the inter- and intra-specific competition of W. trilobata. It indicated that W. trilobata was more sensitive to water level fluctuation with stronger adaptability.
以外来入侵植物南美蟛蜞菊和本地近缘种蟛蜞菊为对象,通过温室模拟3种水位波动模式(水位无波动,水位波动模式分别为15 cm-0 cm-15 cm和0 cm-15 cm-0 cm)交叉5种定植模式(试验容器内分别为入侵种单株、本土种单株、入侵种6株、本土种6株以及2物种各3株混种)的试验,研究水位波动对入侵植物和本地近缘种生长繁殖性状及种内种间相互作用的影响.结果表明: 水位波动显著降低了南美蟛蜞菊和蟛蜞菊的总生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量、根生物量、茎长、节点数、叶片数及叶面积,对南美蟛蜞菊和蟛蜞菊种内及种间竞争系数的影响均显著.水位波动改变了南美蟛蜞菊的种内和种间竞争关系,说明入侵植物南美蟛蜞菊对水位波动更为敏感,对环境改变表现出更强的适应性.
Keywords: inter-specific competition; intra-specific competition; invasive plant; native plant; water level fluctuation.