In 2012, the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society published "Guidelines for Gastroenterological Endoscopy in Patients Undergoing Antithrombotic Treatment" concerning thromboembolism associated with antithrombotic therapy withdrawal. Since then, physicians have started prescribing oral anticoagulants, creating a need for standards reflecting their use in clinical practice. Therefore, new findings regarding anticoagulants are included in this appendix. However, the evidence levels are low for many statements contained herein and these appended guidelines still need to be verified in clinical settings.
Keywords: anticoagulant; antiplatelet; antithrombotic; gastrointestinal endoscopic examination and treatment; gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
© 2018 Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society.