This paper introduced the concepts of organic agriculture as defined by different international organizations, origin and theoretical development of organic agriculture, as well as its developing trajectory in China (i.e. a late start followed by rapid growth compared to developed countries). The differences between domestic and international organic agriculture were illustrated by scale, crop types, production standards, inputs and planting techniques. Constraints limiting improvements to organic agriculture in aspects of standards, technology, marketing, certification, environmental pollution, enterprise reputation, and national policies were discussed. Future directions and strategies for developing healthy organic agriculture in China were provided.
本文介绍了不同国际组织为有机农业下的定义、有机农业的起源及理论发展过程,以及我国有机农业的发展轨迹:我国有机农业较发达国家起步晚,但发展迅速.通过详细叙述国内外有机农业发展规模、种植作物种类、有机农业生产标准、投入品及有机种植技术,比较了我国有机农业发展与国外存在的差异.从有机农业标准、生产技术、产品市场、有机认证、企业信誉、自然环境污染、国家政策支持力度等方面详细分析了我国有机农业发展的制约因素,提出了我国有机农业健康发展的方向及对策.
Keywords: constraint factor; development scale; organic agriculture; planting technology; production standards.