[Clinical significance and risk factors for multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization]

Rev Esp Quimioter. 2018 Jun;31(3):257-262. Epub 2018 May 4.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To identify the main risk factors of rectal colonization by multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE), and their clinical impact.

Methods: An observational, prospective cohort study was carried out, between April 2016 and June 2017, where every Monday of each week rectal samples were taken from all the patients admitted at that moment in the Intensive Care Unit. We performed a descriptive analysis of all the variables collected during the study and a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the independent association of carriers of MRE against non-carriers and several possible risk factors.

Results: During the study period, rectal samples were collected from 208 patients. Of the 208, 30 were carriers of MRE, with a mean age of 64.3 years and a mean score of APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) of 20.6 points. 70% of the patients with MRE had a positive result in the first rectal sample. The variables that were associated with an increased risk of rectal colonization by EMR in the regression analysis were the administration of antibiotics in the previous month (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.71-15.79) and post-surgical patients (OR 3.8; IC95% 1.51 - 9.51). Although patients with EMR had more frequent infections by these bacteria, no differences were observed in mortality between the two groups.

Conclusions: Post-surgical patients admitted to the ICU and those who received antibiotic treatment in the previous month have a higher probability of colonization due to MRE. The colonized patients presented more frequent infections by MRE although it was not associated to a higher mortality.

Objetivo: Identificar los principales factores de riesgo de colonización rectal por enterobacterias multirresistentes (EMR), así como, su impacto clínico.

Material y métodos: Entre abril de 2016 y junio de 2017 se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, de cohortes prospectivo, donde todos los lunes de cada semana se tomaron muestras rectales a todos los pacientes ingresados en ese momento en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de todas las variables recogidas durante el estudio y un análisis multivariante de regresión logística para determinar la asociación independiente de los portadores de EMR frente a los no portadores y varios posibles factores de riesgo.

Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio se recogieron muestras rectales a 208 pacientes. De los 208, 30 fueron portadores de EMR, con una edad media de 64,3 años y una puntación media de APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) de 20,6 puntos. El 70% de los pacientes portadores de EMR presentaron en la primera muestra rectal un resultado positivo. Las variables que se asociaron a un mayor riesgo de colonización rectal por EMR en el análisis de regresión fueron la toma de antibióticos en el mes previo (OR 5,2; IC95% 1,71 – 15,79) y la postcirugía o el haber sido sometido a un procedimiento quirúrgico (OR 3,8; IC95% 1,51 – 9,51). Aunque los pacientes portadores de EMR presentaron con mayor frecuencia infecciones por dichas bacterias, no se observaron diferencias en cuanto a la mortalidad entre ambos grupos.

Conclusiones: Los pacientes postquirúrgicos que ingresan en la UCI y aquellos que recibieron tratamiento antibiótico en el mes previo tienen una mayor probabilidad de colonización por EMR. Los pacientes colonizados presentaron con mayor frecuencia infecciones por EMR aunque no se asoció a una mayor mortalidad.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • APACHE
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carrier State / microbiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / epidemiology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / microbiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Period
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Young Adult
  • beta-Lactamases

Substances

  • beta-Lactamases