The application of green manure is facing serious problems in purple soil region of southwest China. With the aim to explore the potential application of green manure, we examined the functional characteristics of soil microbial community in a system of Chinese milk vetch intercropped with rape. The innovations are the application of Chinese milk vetch in dry land of the southwest China and the establishment of new planting pattern of rape by providing empirical data. Results showed that the intercropping with Chinese milk vetch decreased the carbon resource use efficiency of microbial community in rape rhizosphere, especially for the utilization of carbohydrates. At the same time, Shannon index, Simpson index, and richness were reduced, but evenness index was increased by intercropping. Those results from cluster analysis and principal component analysis suggest that the soil microbial community composition was significantly different between monocropping and intercropping. The carbohydrates, amino acids and carboxylic acids were the sensitive carbon sources for differentiating the changes of the microbial community induced by monocropping and intercropping. Intercropping Chinese milk vetch could decrease functional activity, change community composition, and reduce diversity of soil microbial community in rape rhizosphere.
在我国西南紫色土地区,绿肥应用面临严峻问题.为探索绿肥新的应用途径,本文通过绿肥紫云英与油菜间作,探讨了紫云英对油菜根际土壤微生物功能特征的影响,其创新性在于将绿肥紫云英应用于西南旱地,并为建立新的可持续种植模式提供试验数据.结果表明: 间作紫云英降低了油菜根际土壤微生物的碳源利用率,主要表现为降低了对糖类的利用强度;同时,间作紫云英使油菜根际土壤微生物群落的Shannon指数、Simpson指数和丰富度指数分别降低了5.9%、1.8%和19.9%,均匀度指数增加了1.4%.聚类分析和主成分分析表明,单作与间作之间的微生物群落功能特征存在明显差异,导致微生物群落功能差异的特征碳源为糖类、氨基酸类和羧酸类,其中D-葡糖胺酸和1-磷酸葡萄糖是间作紫云英下影响油菜根际微生物群落结构的特征碳源.表明间作紫云英降低了油菜根际土壤微生物群落的功能代谢活性,改变了油菜根际土壤微生物群落结构特征,从而降低了油菜根际微生物多样性.
Keywords: carbon source; green manure; microbial diversity; root interaction; root separation.