Seasonal, spatial variations and risk assessment of heavy elements in street dust from Novi Sad, Serbia

Biljana D Škrbić; Maja Buljovčić; Grigorije Jovanović; Igor Antić

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.124

Seasonal, spatial variations and risk assessment of heavy elements in street dust from Novi Sad, Serbia

Chemosphere. 2018 Aug:205:452-462. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.124. Epub 2018 Apr 21.

Authors

Biljana D Škrbić¹, Maja Buljovčić², Grigorije Jovanović³, Igor Antić²

Affiliations

¹ University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory for Chemical Contaminants and Sustainable Development, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: biljana@tf.uns.ac.rs.
² University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory for Chemical Contaminants and Sustainable Development, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
³ University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia.

PMID: 29705636
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.124

Abstract

This is the first study carried out to determine the levels, spatial and temporal variations and risk indices of street dust in Serbia. Sixty street dust samples representing four functional areas: school, recreational, residential and industrial were collected from Novi Sad during summer and winter. The purpose was to obtain the concentration of seven heavy elements, evaluate the possible sources and degree of environmental pollution and human health risks. The average concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb (mg/kg) during winter was: 7.96, 0.40, 7.73, 12.1, 57.6, 14.0 and 70.6, while in summer it was: 1.88, 0.54, 4.31, 60.1, 42.7, 28.1, and 62.5, respectively. Interpolation method together with the correlation matrix and the results of multivariate statistics supported anthropogenic origin of Pb, Cr and Cu, natural origin of Ni, Cd and As and mix origin of Co. Pollution indices such as geoaccumulation index (I_geo) indicated existence of unpolluted to extreme risk regarding to environmental pollution. Moreover, the potential pollution index (Er) showed low (Pb) to moderate (Ni) risk while potential risk index (RI) and modified potential risk index (mRI) indicated considerable and very high risks. Health risk assessment showed no non-carcinogenic risk of heavy elements for adults and children.

Keywords: Functional areas; Heavy elements; Risk assessment; Seasonal variations; Street dust.

MeSH terms

Adult
Child
China
Dust / analysis*
Environmental Monitoring / methods
Environmental Pollution / analysis*
Humans
Metals, Heavy / analysis*
Risk Assessment*
Seasons*
Serbia
Spatio-Temporal Analysis

Substances

Dust
Metals, Heavy