Pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of medications used to treat hepatitis C virus infection in the setting of chronic kidney disease and kidney transplantation

Hemodial Int. 2018 Apr:22 Suppl 1:S22-S35. doi: 10.1111/hdi.12648.

Abstract

Hepatitis C infection in patients with chronic kidney disease or kidney transplant carries higher morbidity and mortality compared to noninfected patients. Historically, patients with advanced kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients were undertreated given the multiple adverse effects and limited efficacy of interferon-based therapies for chronic hepatitis C. The development of direct-acting antivirals in the past few years has opened an unprecedented opportunity for treating these populations. However, the impaired renal clearance of some of these medications in patients with kidney disease, and the potential interactions of antiviral therapies with immunosuppressants after kidney transplantation, present some challenges in choosing the proper regimen. This review provides an overview of the essential pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of relevant antiviral therapies in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with advanced kidney disease and after kidney transplantation.

Keywords: Direct-acting antiviral therapies; chronic kidney disease; hepatitis C; kidney transplantation; pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Interactions / immunology*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / methods*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / drug therapy*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / pathology
  • Humans
  • Kidney Transplantation / methods*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / drug therapy*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents