The cisd gene family regulates physiological germline apoptosis through ced-13 and the canonical cell death pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cell Death Differ. 2019 Jan;26(1):162-178. doi: 10.1038/s41418-018-0108-5. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Abstract

Programmed cell death, which occurs through a conserved core molecular pathway, is important for fundamental developmental and homeostatic processes. The human iron-sulfur binding protein NAF-1/CISD2 binds to Bcl-2 and its disruption in cells leads to an increase in apoptosis. Other members of the CDGSH iron sulfur domain (CISD) family include mitoNEET/CISD1 and Miner2/CISD3. In humans, mutations in CISD2 result in Wolfram syndrome 2, a disease in which the patients display juvenile diabetes, neuropsychiatric disorders and defective platelet aggregation. The C. elegans genome contains three previously uncharacterized cisd genes that code for CISD-1, which has homology to mitoNEET/CISD1 and NAF-1/CISD2, and CISD-3.1 and CISD-3.2, both of which have homology to Miner2/CISD3. Disrupting the function of the cisd genes resulted in various germline abnormalities including distal tip cell migration defects and a significant increase in the number of cell corpses within the adult germline. This increased germ cell death is blocked by a gain-of-function mutation of the Bcl-2 homolog CED-9 and requires functional caspase CED-3 and the APAF-1 homolog CED-4. Furthermore, the increased germ cell death is facilitated by the pro-apoptotic, CED-9-binding protein CED-13, but not the related EGL-1 protein. This work is significant because it places the CISD family members as regulators of physiological germline programmed cell death acting through CED-13 and the core apoptotic machinery.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / genetics*
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / genetics*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism*
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Caspases / metabolism
  • Germ Cells / metabolism*
  • Multigene Family
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism

Substances

  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Ced-13 protein, C elegans
  • Ced-4 protein, C elegans
  • Ced-9 protein, C elegans
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Caspases
  • ced-3 protein, C elegans