Early effects of empagliflozin on exercise tolerance in patients with heart failure: A pilot study

Clin Cardiol. 2018 Apr;41(4):476-480. doi: 10.1002/clc.22899. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Abstract

Background: Sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 inhibition recently emerged as a promising therapy for reducing the risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is a lack of data endorsing its role in symptomatic HF patients. We sought to evaluate the short-term effects of empagliflozin on maximal exercise capacity in these patients.

Hypothesis: We postulate tretament with empagliflozin may improve functional capacity in patients with T2DM and established HF.

Methods: Nineteen T2DM patients with symptomatic HF were prospectively included and underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing before and 30 days after initiation of empagliflozin therapy. A mixed-effects model for repeated measures was used.

Results: Median patient age was 72 years (interquartile range, 60-79 years); 42.1% were in New York Heart Association class III. Baseline mean (± SD) peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2 ) was 10.9 ± 4.0 mL/min/kg. Peak VO2 increased significantly at 30 days (∆: +1.21 [0.66 to 1.76] mL/min/kg; P < 0.001). A significant improvement in ventilatory efficiency during exercise, 6-minute walking distance, and quality of life, and a reduction in antigen carbohydrate 125, were also found. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and natriuretic peptides did not significantly change.

Conclusions: In this pilot study, empagliflozin was associated with 1-month improvement in exercise capacity in T2DM patients with symptomatic HF. This beneficial effect was also found for other surrogates of severity.

Keywords: Empagliflozin; Exercise Capacity; Heart Failure.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / adverse effects
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / therapeutic use*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Exercise Tolerance / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Glucosides / adverse effects
  • Glucosides / therapeutic use*
  • Heart Failure / complications
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / drug therapy*
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxygen Consumption / drug effects
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Ventilation / drug effects
  • Quality of Life
  • Recovery of Function
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Walk Test

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Glucosides
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • empagliflozin