Characterization of the emissions impacts of hybrid excavators with a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)-based methodology

Tanfeng Cao; Robert L Russell; Thomas D Durbin; David R Cocker 3rd; Andrew Burnette; Joseph Calavita; Hector Maldonado; Kent C Johnson

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.011

Characterization of the emissions impacts of hybrid excavators with a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)-based methodology

Sci Total Environ. 2018 Sep 1:635:112-119. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Apr 13.

Authors

Tanfeng Cao¹, Robert L Russell², Thomas D Durbin², David R Cocker 3rd², Andrew Burnette³, Joseph Calavita⁴, Hector Maldonado⁴, Kent C Johnson²

Affiliations

¹ University of California, College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507, USA. Electronic address: tcao005@ucr.edu.
² University of California, College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
³ InfoWedge, 4903 Alondra Ct, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762, USA.
⁴ California Air Resources Board, 1001 I Street, P.O. Box 2815, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA.

PMID: 29660715
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.011

Abstract

Hybrid engine technology is a potentially important strategy for reduction of tailpipe greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other pollutants that is now being implemented for off-road construction equipment. The goal of this study was to evaluate the emissions and fuel consumption impacts of electric-hybrid excavators using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS)-based methodology. In this study, three hybrid and four conventional excavators were studied for both real world activity patterns and tailpipe emissions. Activity data was obtained using engine control module (ECM) and global positioning system (GPS) logged data, coupled with interviews, historical records, and video. This activity data was used to develop a test cycle with seven modes representing different types of excavator work. Emissions data were collected over this test cycle using a PEMS. The results indicated the HB215 hybrid excavator provided a significant reduction in tailpipe carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions (from -13 to -26%), but increased diesel particulate matter (PM) (+26 to +27%) when compared to a similar model conventional excavator over the same duty cycle.

Keywords: 40CFR1065; Diesel; Emissions inventory; Hybrid; Non-road emissions; Off-road emissions; PEMS; Real world emissions.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants / analysis*
Carbon Dioxide / analysis
Environmental Monitoring / methods*
Motor Vehicles* / classification
Particulate Matter / analysis
Vehicle Emissions / analysis*

Substances

Air Pollutants
Particulate Matter
Vehicle Emissions
Carbon Dioxide