Abstract
In this study, the antiproliferative activity of peanut skin procyanidins (PSP) and six fractions (PSP-1∼6) isolated from PSP by several chromatographic steps on the human prostate cancer DU145 cells were evaluated. The results showed that PSP and PSP-1∼6 significantly inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells. PSP-2 was the most effective fraction, which was identified as procyanidin B3 mainly and procyanidin dimer [(E)C-luteolin or keampferol] secondarily. Moreover, the mechanism of antiproliferative activity of PSP-2 was investigated. It was observed that PSP-2 induced apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest at S phase in DU145 cells. PSP-2 caused the increase of intracellular ROS level and the decrease of Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and triggered the activation of p53 and caspases-3 in DU145 cells. Our findings demonstrated that procyanidins from peanut skin have the potential to be developed as an anti-prostate cancer agent.
Keywords:
Apoptosis; DU145; Peanut skin; Procyanidins; Prostate cancer.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Apoptosis / drug effects
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Arachis / chemistry*
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Arachis / metabolism
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Biflavonoids / chemistry*
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Biflavonoids / isolation & purification
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Biflavonoids / pharmacology
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Caspase 3 / genetics
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Caspase 3 / metabolism
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Catechin / chemistry*
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Catechin / isolation & purification
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Catechin / pharmacology
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Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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Humans
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Male
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Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
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Proanthocyanidins / chemistry*
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Proanthocyanidins / isolation & purification
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Proanthocyanidins / pharmacology
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Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
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Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / genetics
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Biflavonoids
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Proanthocyanidins
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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TP53 protein, human
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein
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procyanidin
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Catechin
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Caspase 3