Prediction of Post-Discharge Bleeding in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from the BleeMACS Registry

Thromb Haemost. 2018 May;118(5):929-938. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1635259. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

Abstract

Background: A poor ability of recommended risk scores for predicting in-hospital bleeding has been reported in elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). No study assessed the prediction of post-discharge bleeding in the elderly. The new BleeMACS score (Bleeding complications in a Multicenter registry of patients discharged with diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome), was designed to predict post-discharge bleeding in ACS patients. We aimed to assess the predictive ability of the BleeMACS score in elderly patients.

Methods: We assessed the incidence and characteristics of severe bleeding after discharge in ACS patients aged ≥ 75 years. Bleeding was defined as any intracranial bleeding or bleeding leading to hospitalization and/or red blood transfusion, occurring within the first year after discharge. We assessed the predictive ability of the BleeMACS score according to age by Fine-Gray proportional hazards regression analysis, calculating receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curves (AUC).

Results: The BleeMACS registry included 15,401 patients of whom 3,376/15,401 (21.9%) were aged ≥ 75 years. Elderly patients were more commonly treated with clopidogrel and less often treated with ticagrelor or prasugrel. Of 3,376 elderly patients, 190 (5.6%) experienced post-discharge bleeding. The incidence of bleeding was moderately higher in elderly patients (hazard ratio [HR], 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92-2.77). The predictive ability of the BleeMACS score was moderately lower in elderly patients (AUC, 0.652 vs. 0.691, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Elderly patients with ACS had a significantly higher incidence of post-discharge bleeding. Despite a lower predictive ability in older patients, the BleeMACS score exhibited an acceptable performance in these patients.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / surgery*
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Asia / epidemiology
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Clopidogrel / adverse effects*
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Erythrocyte Transfusion
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / chemically induced*
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / epidemiology
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Discharge*
  • Patient Readmission
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Prasugrel Hydrochloride / adverse effects
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Registries
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Ticagrelor / adverse effects
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel
  • Prasugrel Hydrochloride
  • Ticagrelor