Efficacy of anterior versus posterior per-oral endoscopic myotomy for treating achalasia: a randomized, prospective study

Gastrointest Endosc. 2018 Jul;88(1):46-54. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Abstract

Background and aims: Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for treating achalasia. Two approaches-anterior myotomy and posterior myotomy-are used during POEM. However, little is known about the comparison between the 2 different approaches. The objective of the study is to compare the safety and short-term efficacy of the 2 approaches for treating achalasia.

Methods: From October 2015 to December 2016, 63 consecutive patients with achalasia without prior treatment or sigmoid-type esophagus were prospectively recruited. They were randomly assigned to an anterior or posterior myotomy group. Clinical data about general characteristics, operative parameters, pre- and postoperative Eckardt score, esophageal manometry results, 24-hour pH test, and adverse events were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.

Results: The anterior group included 31 patients and the posterior group 32 patients. All patients underwent POEM successfully, and treatment success (defined as an Eckardt score ≤3) was achieved in all patients during a mean follow-up of 15.5 months. Mean Eckardt score, lower esophageal sphincter pressure, and 4-second integrated relaxation pressure were significantly decreased (6.2 ± 1.3, 37.5 ± 6.7 mm Hg, and 27.3 ± 4.9 mm Hg vs .70 ± .70, 12.8 ± 2.8 mm Hg, and 11.1 ± 2.3 mm Hg, respectively; P < .01). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of general characteristics, treatment success, pre- and postoperative esophageal manometry, Eckardt score, and adverse events (P > .05).

Conclusions: The short-term treatment efficacy, manometry outcomes, and adverse events were comparable between the anterior and posterior myotomy groups. Large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are warranted for a more definitive conclusion. (Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR-ICR-15007211.).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Endoscopy, Digestive System / methods
  • Esophageal Achalasia / physiopathology
  • Esophageal Achalasia / surgery*
  • Esophageal Sphincter, Lower / physiopathology
  • Esophageal Sphincter, Lower / surgery*
  • Esophageal pH Monitoring
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Manometry
  • Middle Aged
  • Myotomy / methods*
  • Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult