Microgliosis is a hallmark of degenerative processes in the retina. Reactive microglia migrate to the photoreceptor layer and the subretinal space during outer retinal degeneration. This process creates a toxic milieu where reactive microglia and dying photoreceptors recruit additional reactive phagocytes. This results in the release of a multitude of proinflammatory factors which accelerate photoreceptor demise. In this chapter, we outline in detail how to monitor microgliosis in the Fam161a-deficient mouse model of Retinitis Pigmentosa by performing immunohistochemical stainings of retinal cryosections and flat mounts using the marker Iba1. This protocol will serve as a guideline in evaluating microglia reactivity and localization in various mouse models of retinal degeneration.
Keywords: Cryosections; Fam161a; Flat mounts; Iba1; Immunohistochemistry; Microglia; Retinal degeneration.