Optimizing mass casualty burns intensive care organization and treatment using evidence-based outcome predictors

Burns. 2018 Aug;44(5):1077-1082. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.02.025. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

Abstract

Background: Majority of current research focuses on pre-hospital care in mass casualty incidents (MCI) whereas this study is the first to examine multifactorial aspects of intensive care unit (ICU) resource management during a surge in massive burn injury (MBI) patients whilst identifying key outcome predictors that resulted in successful disaster managements.

Methods: Both critical care, surgical parameters and cost-effectiveness are investigated in patients admitted with severe burns resulting from the explosion. A fully integrated trauma response and expansion of critical care resources in Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH) in this incident is analyzed.

Results: 52 burn patients were treated in CGMH and 27 patients (51.9%) had TBSA greater than 45% with the mean TBSA of 44.6±20.3%. ICU based management of MBI including early debridement and resource strategizing. The overall mortality rate was 2/52 (3.85%). Patients had an average of 14.8days on mechanical ventilation and 43days as an inpatient in total. Operative treatment wise, 44.2% of patients received escharotomies and each patient received an average of 2 skin grafting procedures. The initial TBSA was a significant predictor for burn wound infection (OR 1.107, 95% CI 1.023-1.298; p=0.011). Each patient cost an average of USD 1035 per TBSA% with an average total cost of USD 50415.

Conclusion: With ever increasing chances of terrorist activity in urban areas, hospitals can hopefully increase their preparedness using outcome-predictors presented in this study.

Keywords: Burns; Dust explosion; Intensive care; Mass casualty; Massive burns injury; Resource management.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Body Surface Area
  • Burn Units / economics
  • Burn Units / organization & administration*
  • Burns / therapy*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Communication
  • Critical Care / economics
  • Critical Care / organization & administration*
  • Debridement
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Explosions*
  • Female
  • Health Care Costs
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units / economics
  • Intensive Care Units / organization & administration
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Mass Casualty Incidents*
  • Mortality
  • Patient Care Team / organization & administration
  • Prognosis
  • Respiration, Artificial
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Transplantation
  • Taiwan
  • Triage
  • Wound Infection / epidemiology
  • Young Adult