Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to estimate physiological parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and their relationship with bone metabolism parameters in otherwise healthy preterm newborns with birth weight 1000-1500 g. Methods: PTH, 25(OH)D, S-Ca, S-P, and ALP were analysed from blood samples obtained from 20 preterm infants once a week up to the 36th gestational week. Results: Of the total 134 examined serum samples for PTH levels, the estimated range was 1.6-9.3 pmol/l (15.1-87.7 pg/ml). No statistically significant correlation of PTH level with that of S-Ca, S-P, or ALP was observed, except for the 56th day of life (p = .03; Rho = 0.76; n = 8). From the second month of life, there was a statistically significant relationship only between PTH and 25(OH)D (Rho = -0.71, p ≤ .0001). In our cohort, vitamin D deficiency (20 ng/ml) occurred in 75% at birth and at 30% in the 36th gestational week. Conclusions: The physiological range indicated by the measurements was close to the reference limits for adults (1-7 pmol/l; 9.4-66 pg/ml). PTH level above this range can be considered as hyperparathyroidism in preterm neonates.
Keywords: Metabolic bone disease; parathyroid hormone; preterm newborn; vitamin D.