Effects of cyclic staining on the color, translucency, surface roughness, and substance loss of contemporary adhesive resin cements

Abstract

Statement of problem: The staining resistance of the adhesive resin cements is critical to the long-term success of a restoration, but only limited evidence is available regarding the effects of cyclic staining on adhesive resin cements.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of staining solutions on the color, translucency, substance loss, and surface roughness of contemporary adhesive resin cements.

Material and methods: Six commercially available adhesive resin cements (Clearfil SA Cement, Panavia F2.0, RelyX U200, RelyX Veneer, NX-3 Light Polymerize, NX-3 Dual Polymerize) were tested. The specimens were subjected to a cyclic staining model with 4 different solutions (deionized water, cola, coffee, and red wine). All specimens were immersed in the respective solutions 12 times for 15 minutes daily over 96 days. Between staining cycles, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva. The color parameters, surface profile, and surface roughness of the specimens were measured before and after cyclic staining for 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, and 96 days. Repeated-measure ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of the staining solutions on the color difference (ΔE), translucency change (ΔTP), substance loss, and surface roughness (Ra) of the tested adhesive resin cements (α=.05).

Results: All the tested materials exhibited similar behaviors with longer durations of immersion in the staining solutions. Specifically, ΔE increased, TP decreased, and the surface profile and roughness remained stable. The tested adhesive resin cements exhibited variations in color and TP stability after staining. The light-polymerized adhesive resin cements were generally more color-stable than the dual-polymerized resin cements.

Conclusions: The effects of cyclic staining on the color, translucency, surface profile, and surface roughness of adhesive resin cements were not categorical but material-specific.