Diesel exhaust exposure, its multi-system effects, and the effect of new technology diesel exhaust

Haley Reis; Cesar Reis; Akbar Sharip; Wenes Reis; Yong Zhao; Ryan Sinclair; Lawrence Beeson

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.042

Diesel exhaust exposure, its multi-system effects, and the effect of new technology diesel exhaust

Environ Int. 2018 May:114:252-265. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.042. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Authors

Haley Reis¹, Cesar Reis², Akbar Sharip³, Wenes Reis⁴, Yong Zhao⁵, Ryan Sinclair⁶, Lawrence Beeson⁷

Affiliations

¹ Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11175 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
² Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 24785 Stewart Street, Suite 204, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11175 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. Electronic address: cesarreis@hotmail.com.
³ Department of Occupational Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 328 East Commercial Road, Suite 101, San Bernardino, CA 92408, USA.
⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 24785 Stewart Street, Suite 204, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
⁵ School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
⁶ Center for Community Resilience, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
⁷ Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. Electronic address: lbeeson@llu.edu.

PMID: 29524921
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.042

Abstract

Exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) from vehicles and industry is hazardous and affects proper function of organ systems. DE can interfere with normal physiology after acute and chronic exposure to particulate matter (PM). Exposure leads to potential systemic disease processes in the central nervous, visual, hematopoietic, respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems. In this review, we give an overview of the epidemiological evidence supporting the harmful effects of diesel exhaust, and the numerous animal studies conducted to investigate the specific pathophysiological mechanisms behind DE exposure. Additionally, this review includes a summary of studies that used biomarkers as an indication of biological plausibility, and also studies evaluating new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE) and its systemic effects. Lastly, this review includes new approaches to improving DE emissions, and emphasizes the importance of ongoing study in this field of environmental health.

Keywords: Air pollution; Cardiovascular; Central nervous system; Diesel exhaust; Diesel exhaust particles; Eyes; Hematopoietic; Kidney; New technology diesel exhaust; Respiratory.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Environmental Exposure / analysis*
Particulate Matter / toxicity*
Toxicity Tests*
Vehicle Emissions / toxicity*

Substances

Particulate Matter
Vehicle Emissions