Minimizing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and hemodynamic collapse during chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention with a percutaneous left ventricular assist device

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018 Sep;19(6):712-716. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2018.01.013. Epub 2018 Feb 7.

Abstract

Candidates for percutaneous coronary revascularization are becoming progressively older and more complex. A combination of factors related to the patient, lesion, and/or hemodynamic conditions may increase the risk of adverse events. Therefore, when a high-risk procedure is identified, it is crucial to provide the patient with adequate support in order to safely perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We report the case of a 77-year-old man with moderate left ventricular dysfunction and stage IV chronic kidney disease who underwent successful recanalization of a chronically occluded left anterior descending artery. The procedure was performed with a micro-axial percutaneous left ventricular assist device (Impella 2.5) in order to provide stable hemodynamics, and with minimal contrast medium administration (14 ml) to minimize the risk of acute kidney injury. Despite the use of aggressive techniques (including rotational atherectomy), the patients remained stable throughout the procedure and did not experience contrast-induced nephropathy or periprocedural myocardial infarction, and was discharged two days later. Moreover, we provide recommendations to assist interventional cardiologist safely perform complex and high-risk PCI, with particular attention to renal function preservation.

Keywords: CTO recanalization; Impella; acute kidney injury; complex PCI.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / diagnosis
  • Acute Kidney Injury / physiopathology
  • Acute Kidney Injury / prevention & control*
  • Aged
  • Chronic Disease
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Angiography / adverse effects
  • Coronary Occlusion / complications
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Occlusion / physiopathology
  • Coronary Occlusion / surgery*
  • Heart-Assist Devices*
  • Hemodynamics*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Shock / diagnosis
  • Shock / etiology
  • Shock / physiopathology
  • Shock / prevention & control*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / complications
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnostic imaging
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy*
  • Ventricular Function, Left*

Substances

  • Contrast Media