Regulated-on-activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (also called RANTES, CCL5 or R/C) is a chemotactic cytokine that plays a key role in recruiting immune cells to inflammatory sites. R/C is involved in the pathogenesis of many systemic immune-mediated diseases (SIDs) and is upregulated in fatty-degenerative osteolysis jawbone (FDOJ) cavitations. Surgical cleaning of degenerative areas reduces the source of chronic R/C but might not be sufficient to re-establish the altered immunological patterns. The aim of the present study was to collect clinical data from patients suffering from sids who underwent dental surgery of FDOJ areas (n=46), by measuring R/C serum levels at the first visit (V0) prior to surgery, and at the second visit (V1). The majority of patients (n=41) were treated one month with ultra-low dose RANTES (27CH), a medicine used in micro-immunotherapy, while five patients were not. Mean and standard deviation of R/C serum levels at V0 in treated and untreated patients were respectively 48.5±25.8ng/ml and 42.48±22.22ng/ ml. Untreated patients had a tendency towards higher R/C levels at V1 (68.36±30.7ng/ml; p=0.062), while an opposite tendency was observed in treated patients (40.9±20.3ng/ml; p=0.129). Investigators observed that a cut-off set at 40ng/ml at V0 seemed to be predictive of the efficacy of the dental surgery/treatment (p=0.0013, n=26) and that gender could influence R/C levels and patient's responsiveness. The Authors, being aware that this is a preliminary follow-up, wanted to lay the basis for forthcoming studies, in which a larger cohort of patients and well-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria will be established.