Objective: To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in"Oriental Star shipwreck event"in Jianli County, Hubei Province, so as to provide experiences for schistosomiasis prevention and control in rescue of emergency in the future.
Methods: According to the data of historical schistosomiasis prevalence and the results of the field survey in the townships in the upstream and downstream of the rescue spots, the emergency handling measures of schistosomiasis control were evaluated. Meanwhile, the Oncomelania hupensis snail situation, priority crowd chemotherapy, key aquatic monitoring, and illness monitoring of people and livestock were investigated to evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect after the events comprehensively.
Results: There were no schistosome-infected snails found in the place of shipwreck and the rescue spots. The average density of O. hupensis snails in 5 townships of Jianli County was 0.064 snails/0.1 m2, and there were no infected snails found. The positive rate of 2 090 migrants in the schistosomiasis serologic tests was 0.29% and there were no positive ones found in the fecal examination. There were no acute schistosomiasis cases found by the sentinel surveillance fever clinics, and also no positive cattle were found. The results of sentinel mice monitoring in the place of shipwreck and 4 villages in the upstream and downstream showed no infected mice were found.
Conclusions: The schistosomiasis control measures taken after the shipwreck is effective, which achieves the goal of no schistosomiasis transmission after emergency.
［摘要］ 目的 评价长江监利段“东方之星”重大沉船事件发生后血吸虫病防治工作措施和成效, 为今后突发事件救援 中的血防应急处置工作提供经验。 方法 根据监利县沉船事发地点与搜救地点涉及乡镇的历史血吸虫病疫情资料及现 场调查情况, 对应急现场处置各项措施进行评价, 并结合事件后处置情况, 对评价区域的螺情、重点人群化疗、人畜病情 监测、重点水体监测情况进行调查, 综合评估灾后血吸虫病防治效果。 结果 沉船事故及救援现场均未发现感染性钉 螺; 监利县5个乡镇活螺平均密度为0.064只/0.1 m2, 未发现感染性钉螺。对2 090名外来人员进行血清学检测, 阳性率为 0.29%, 未发现粪检阳性病人。发热门诊哨点监测未发现血吸虫感染病例, 未发现粪检阳性耕牛。在沉船事故发生点及 其上下游的4个村开展哨鼠监测, 未发现血吸虫感染哨鼠。 结论 “东方之星”沉船事件发生后所采取的血吸虫病防治 措施行之有效, 实现了突发事件后无血吸虫病传播的目标。.
Keywords: Effect evaluation; Emergency response; Oriental Star; Schistosomiasis; Shipwreck.