Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated growth factor signaling is essential for proper formation and development of the neural crest. The many ligands and receptors implicated in these processes signal through relatively few downstream pathways, frequently converging on the MAPK and PI3K pathways. Despite decades of study, there is still considerable uncertainty about where and when these signaling pathways are required and how they elicit particular responses. This review summarizes our current understanding of growth factor-induced MAPK and PI3K signaling in the neural crest.
Keywords:
AKT; Cell signaling; ERK; Receptor Tyrosine kinases.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Biological Evolution
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Body Patterning / physiology
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Cell Differentiation
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Cell Movement
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ErbB Receptors / metabolism
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Humans
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / physiology*
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Neural Crest / embryology
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Neural Crest / metabolism*
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Neurogenesis
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism*
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology
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Phosphorylation
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
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Signal Transduction / physiology
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Vertebrates / embryology
Substances
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
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ErbB Receptors
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases