Thrombelastography Suggests Hypercoagulability in Patients with Renal Dysfunction and Intracerebral Hemorrhage

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018 May;27(5):1350-1356. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.12.026. Epub 2018 Feb 12.

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to quantify coagulopathy using thrombelastography (TEG) in patients with renal dysfunction and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: We reviewed patients admitted with spontaneous ICH between November 2009 and May 2015. TEG was performed at the time of admission. Creatinine clearance (CCr) was calculated using the Cockroft-Gault equation. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on normal (CCr ≥ 90) or reduced renal function (CCr < 90). Multivariable regression models were conducted to compare the differences of TEG components.

Results: A total of 120 patients were included in the analysis. The normal CCr group was younger (56.1 versus 62.3 years, P < .01), was more often male (73.6% versus 53.7%, P = .03), and had higher mean admission hemoglobin (14.2 versus 13.2 mEq/L, P < .01) than the reduced renal function group. The 2 groups were similar with respect to antiplatelet or anticoagulant use, coagulation studies, and baseline ICH volume. Following multivariate analysis, the reduced renal function group was found to have shorter K (1.5 versus 2.2 min, P = 004), increased angle (66 versus 62.2 degrees, P = .04), increased MA (67.3 versus 62.3, P = .02), and increased G (11.3 versus 9.9 dynes/cm2, P = .04) compared with the normal group. Mortality, poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 4-6), hematoma enlargement, hospital length of stay, and surgical interventions were not different between the 2 groups.

Conclusions: Patients with ICH and reduced CCr display faster clotting rate and increased clot strength, suggesting that patients with renal dysfunction present with a relatively hypercoagulable state based on TEG parameters thought to reflect platelet activity.

Keywords: Thombelastography; acute kidney injury; coagulation; intracerebral hemorrhage; kidney disease; stroke; uremia.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Coagulation*
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / blood*
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / complications
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / mortality
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate*
  • Humans
  • Kidney / physiopathology*
  • Kidney Diseases / complications
  • Kidney Diseases / diagnosis
  • Kidney Diseases / mortality
  • Kidney Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Risk Factors
  • Thrombelastography*
  • Thrombophilia / blood
  • Thrombophilia / complications
  • Thrombophilia / diagnosis*
  • Thrombophilia / mortality

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Creatinine