Introduction: To investigate the effects of eplerenone compared to observation in the treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).
Methods: Charts of consecutive patients with a diagnosis of acute CSC (visual symptoms < 12 weeks) were reviewed. Included patients were divided into a treatment group (treated with eplerenone) and a control group (observation). Main outcome measures included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), height of subretinal fluid (SRF) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) at 1 and 3 months in the two groups.
Results: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients (2 female, 13 male) and 12 eyes of 12 patients (1 female, 11 male [p = 1.000]) were included in the treatment and control groups, respectively. The mean age was 44 ± 9 (30-65) and 47 ± 11 years (28-66 years, p = 0.493), respectively. In the treatment group, BCVA improved significantly at 1 month (p = 0.018) and 3 months of follow-up (p = 0.011), while a non-significant improvement was seen in the control group. At 3 months, 12 of 15 eyes (80%) in the treatment group demonstrated complete SRF resolution, versus 3 of 12 eyes (25%) in the control group (p = 0.007). In the treatment group, SRF and CMT were significantly reduced at the 1-month follow-up (p = 0.014, p = 0.028, respectively) and the 3-month follow-up (p < 0.001 for both analyses), while in the control group the changes were not statistically significant. Eplerenone was well tolerated in all patients.
Conclusion: Patients affected by acute CSC treated with eplerenone achieved greater and faster resolution of the disease compared to the observation group. Eplerenone may represent an attractive new first-line treatment option for acute CSC.
Keywords: Central serous chorioretinopathy; Eplerenone; OCT angiography; Optical coherence tomography.