RNA Dependent RNA Polymerases: Insights from Structure, Function and Evolution

Viruses. 2018 Feb 10;10(2):76. doi: 10.3390/v10020076.

Abstract

RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is one of the most versatile enzymes of RNA viruses that is indispensable for replicating the genome as well as for carrying out transcription. The core structural features of RdRps are conserved, despite the divergence in their sequences. The structure of RdRp resembles that of a cupped right hand and consists of fingers, palm and thumb subdomains. The catalysis involves the participation of conserved aspartates and divalent metal ions. Complexes of RdRps with substrates, inhibitors and metal ions provide a comprehensive view of their functional mechanism and offer valuable insights regarding the development of antivirals. In this article, we provide an overview of the structural aspects of RdRps and their complexes from the Group III, IV and V viruses and their structure-based phylogeny.

Keywords: RNA viruses; RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; domains; inhibitor complexes; motifs; structure-based Phylogeny.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Models, Molecular
  • Phylogeny
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
  • RNA Viruses / classification
  • RNA Viruses / enzymology
  • RNA Viruses / genetics
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / chemistry*
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase