What Genetics Tells us about Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients?

Abstract

Background: Long-term diabetes causes other disease development such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Objective: Genetics can help us to predict cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.

Method and search strategy: We searched PubMed and Google scholar for the terms: Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Polymorphism, Genetics from 2000 to 2017, and then included the relevant studies in our study.

Discussion: Essential role of inheritance in multifactorial disease is obviously clear, however, varies by disease and by other factors such as age of disease onset and subtype of disease. CVD is a multifactorial disease which can develop in diabetes patients as a result of increase in oxidative stress. It may also increase expression of pro-inflammatory factors and induce apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.

Conclusion: Predictive polymorphisms are risk estimators for CVD incidence in diabetes patients. SNPs such as 894G>T in NOS3 gene, V16 in MnSOD gene, Rs3918188 in NOS3 gene and Rs11614913 in MiR-196a2 increase the risk of CVD in diabetic patients are precious polymorphisms for CVD prediction in diabetic population. CDKN2B, MTHFR and ACE genes have polymorphisms which increase the risk of diabetes and other polymorphisms on these genes increase the risk of CVD, we suggest these genes are valuable to study and find out if there are any polymorphisms that predict CVD susceptibility in diabetic patients.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; diabetes; diagnosis; genetic; oxidative stress; polymorphism..