Background: In recent years, it has been demonstrated the inhibitory effect of some plant species on the angiotensin-converting enzyme and rosmarinic acid is a prominent constituent of these species.
Hypothesis/purpose: This study was carried out to verify the effect of rosmarinic acid on blood pressure through inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme in rats.
Study design: The arterial hypertension was promoted using 2-kidneys 1-clip model in rats. The potential inhibitory rosmarinic acid effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was compared with captopril actions by analyzing in vivo blood pressure dose-response curves to angiotensin I and bradykinin. The in vitro plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was measured by fluorimetry using the substrate Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH substrate. In addition, dosages of nitrite/nítrate analysis were carried out.
Results: (1) rosmarinic acid caused systolic blood pressure dose-dependent decrease in hypertensive rats; (2) The angiotensin I dose-response curves demonstrated that rosmarinic acid promotes minor changes in systolic blood pressure only in the hypertensive group; (3) The bradykinin dose-response curves showed that both rosmarinic acid and captopril promoted a systolic blood pressure reduction, but only the captopril effect was significant; (4) The angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in rat lung tissue was inhibited by the rosmarinic acid in a dose dependent manner; (5) The analysis of nitrite/nítrate plasma concentrations showed no significant difference among the experimental groups.
Conclusion: The rosmarinic acid is effective in reducing blood pressure, selectively, only in hypertensive animals. The rosmarinic acid (173µM) promoted almost a 98.96% reduction on angiotensin-converting enzyme activity.
Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Captopril; Hypertension; Rosmarinic acid.
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