Clinical review of delafloxacin: a novel anionic fluoroquinolone

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018 Jun 1;73(6):1439-1451. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx543.

Abstract

Delafloxacin is a novel anionic fluoroquinolone (FQ) approved for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) caused by a number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms including MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The unique chemical structure of delafloxacin renders it a weak acid and results in increased potency in acidic environments. In Phase III studies, delafloxacin had similar outcomes to comparator regimens for treatment of ABSSSIs, and was well tolerated overall. Similar to other FQs, delafloxacin is available in both intravenous and oral formulations, but differs in that delafloxacin exerts a minimal effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes and on the corrected QT interval. This novel FQ has the potential to be utilized across a wide variety of clinical settings; however, post-marketing surveillance and long-term safety and resistance data will be essential to identify optimal use scenarios.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
  • Fluoroquinolones / adverse effects
  • Fluoroquinolones / chemistry*
  • Fluoroquinolones / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / drug effects
  • Skin Diseases, Bacterial / drug therapy

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • delafloxacin