Borrelia miyamotoi spirochetes discovered in Ixodes persulcatus ticks in Japan, in 1994 and documented in ticks and rodents in moderate climate zone of northern hemisphere. They belong to tick-borne relapsing fever group spirochetes. Borrelia miyamotoi is an etiologic agent of B.miyamotoi disease with acute febrile illness, including fever, headache, dizziness, fatigue, chills, and muscle and joint pain. Recurrence of fever has been observer in more than 10% patients. In some patients meningoencephalitis, encephalitis and cranial neuritis were observed. Laboratory recognition is based mainly upon PCR testing. Serological testing is limited due to inaccessibility of tests.
Keywords: Borrelia miyamotoi; Miyamotoi borreliosis; central nervous system infection.