Mono-elemental two-dimensional (2D) crystals (graphene, silicene, germanene, stanene, and so on), termed 2D-Xenes, have been brought to the forefront of scientific research. The stability and electronic properties of 2D-Xenes are main challenges in developing practical devices. Therefore, in this review, we focus on 2D free-standing group-IV graphene analogs (graphene quantum dots, silicane, and germanane) and the functionalization of these sheets with organic moieties, which could be handled under ambient conditions. We highlight the present results and future opportunities, functions and applications, and novel device concepts.
Keywords: 105 Low-Dimension (1D/2D) materials; 204 Optics/Optical applications; 301 Chemical syntheses/processing; 40 Optical, magnetic and electronic device materials; 400 Modeling/Simulations; Two-dimensional materials; chemical modification; group IV elements.