Aminopyrimidine Class Aggregation Inhibitor Effectively Blocks Aβ-Fibrinogen Interaction and Aβ-Induced Contact System Activation

Biochemistry. 2018 Feb 27;57(8):1399-1409. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01214. Epub 2018 Feb 9.

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that fibrinogen, a key protein in the coagulation cascade, plays an important role in circulatory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous work has shown that the interaction between fibrinogen and β-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark pathological protein in AD, induces plasmin-resistant abnormal blood clots, delays fibrinolysis, increases inflammation, and aggravates cognitive function in mouse models of AD. Since Aβ oligomers have a much stronger affinity for fibrinogen than Aβ monomers, we tested whether amyloid aggregation inhibitors could block the Aβ-fibrinogen interaction and found that some Aβ aggregation inhibitors showed moderate inhibitory efficacy against this interaction. We then modified a hit compound so that it not only showed a strong inhibitory efficacy toward the Aβ-fibrinogen interaction but also retained its potency toward the Aβ42 aggregation inhibition process. Furthermore, our best hit compound, TDI-2760, modulated Aβ42-induced contact system activation, a pathological condition observed in some AD patients, in addition to inhibiting the Aβ-fibrinogen interaction and Aβ aggregation. Thus, TDI-2760 has the potential to lessen vascular abnormalities as well as Aβ aggregation-driven pathology in AD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism*
  • Drug Design
  • Fibrinogen / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism*
  • Protein Aggregates / drug effects*
  • Protein Aggregation, Pathological / drug therapy
  • Protein Aggregation, Pathological / metabolism
  • Protein Interaction Maps / drug effects*
  • Pyrimidines / chemistry*
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Protein Aggregates
  • Pyrimidines
  • amyloid beta-protein (1-42)
  • 2-aminopyrimidine
  • Fibrinogen