Characterization of a Prenyltransferase for Iso-A82775C Biosynthesis and Generation of New Congeners of Chloropestolides

ACS Chem Biol. 2018 Mar 16;13(3):703-711. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b01059. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Abstract

Chloropupukeananin and chloropestolides are novel metabolites of the plant endophyte Pestalotiopsis fici, showing antimicrobial, antitumor, and anti-HIV activities. Their highly complex and unique skeletons were generated from the coisolated pestheic acid (1) and iso-A82775C (10) based on our previous studies. Here, we identified the biosynthetic gene cluster iac of 10 and characterized an iacE encoded prenyltransferase. Deletion of iacE abolished iso-A82775C production, accumulated the prenyl group-lacking siccayne (2), and generated four new chloropestolides (3-6). Compounds 5 and 6 showed antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and 5 was also cytotoxic to human tumor cell lines HeLa, MCF-7, and SW480. These results provided the first genetic and biochemical insights into the biosynthesis of natural prenylepoxycyclohexanes and demonstrated the feasibility for generation of diversified congeners by manipulating the biosynthetic genes of 10.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / isolation & purification*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacillus subtilis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclohexanes
  • Dimethylallyltranstransferase / genetics
  • Dimethylallyltranstransferase / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / chemistry
  • Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / isolation & purification
  • Phenyl Ethers / chemistry
  • Phenyl Ethers / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry*
  • Sesquiterpenes
  • Spiro Compounds*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Xylariales / chemistry
  • Xylariales / enzymology*
  • Xylariales / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cyclohexanes
  • Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
  • Phenyl Ethers
  • Plant Extracts
  • Sesquiterpenes
  • Spiro Compounds
  • chloropestolide A
  • chloropupukeananin
  • pestheic acid
  • Dimethylallyltranstransferase