Objective: To grasp the distribution and epidemiology of confirmed cases of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, so as to provide the evidence for promoting the prevention and control work.
Methods: The confirmed cases of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014 were epidemiologically investigated, and the prevalence characteristics and main influencing factors were analyzed.
Results: A total of 10 102 confirmed cases from 2010 to 2014 were surveyed. There were 1 062 local infected patients, accounting for 10.51% and including 354 repeated infections and 17 newly infected. There were 290 foreigninfected patients, accounting for 2.87%, with 206 repeated infection cases and 84 newly infected. There were 8 750 historical patients, including 2 229 patients who leaked the former schistosomiasis investigations, accounting for 22.06%; 570 patients missed treatment, accounting for 5.64%; 3 640 patients were treated with non-standard therapy, accounting for 36.03%; 2 311 patients were treated with poor medication efficacy, accounting for 22.88%. The multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression, targeting at confirmed cases in 2014, showed that, for the leaking investigations, the potential risk factors included the age, educational level, and latrine renovation (b＞0, OR＞1), the protective factors were the times of previous treatment, cattle feeding in villager team, and Oncomelania hupensis snails in surroundings (b＜0, OR＜1); for the treatment-missing, the age, educational level, snails in the surroundings of residence were risk factors (b＜0, OR＜1); for the substandard treatment, the risk factors included the occupation and snails in the surroundings of residence (b＞0, OR＞1), and the educational level and snails in the own field were protective factors (b＜0, OR＜1).
Conclusions: The epidemiological investigation on the confirmed cases of schistosomiasis could grasp the epidemic factors so as to improve the management and carry out the scientific control.
［摘要］目的 了解湖北省血吸虫病确诊病例分布情况及流行特点, 为推进防治工作提供科学依据和技术保障。方 法 对2010–2014 年湖北省血吸虫病确诊病例进行回顾性流行病学调查, 分析其流行特点和主要影响因素。结果 2010–2014年湖北省共调查血吸虫病确诊病例10 102例。当年本地感染病人1 062例, 占10.51%, 其中重复感染354例, 新感染17例; 当年外地感染病人290例, 占2.87%, 其中重复感染206例, 新感染84例; 历史遗留病人8 750例, 其中漏查 病人2 229例, 占22.06%, 漏治病人570例, 占5.64%, 治疗不规范未愈病人3 640例, 占36.03%, 药物疗效不佳未愈病人 2 311例, 占22.88%。以2014年确诊病例为对象进行多因素Logistic回归分析, 结果表明, 对于漏查, 年龄、文化程度、卫 生改厕为危险因素 (b > 0, OR > 1), 既往治疗次数、本组饲养耕牛及居住地周围钉螺为保护因素 (b < 0, OR < 1); 对于漏 治, 年龄、文化程度、居住地周围钉螺为危险因素 (b > 0, OR > 1); 对于治疗不规范, 职业、居住地周围钉螺为危险因素 (b > 0, OR > 1), 文化程度、自家地周围钉螺为保护因素 (b < 0, OR < 1) 。结论 血吸虫病确诊病例流行病学调查能掌握流行因 素, 有利于进行精细化管理, 促进开展科学防治。.
Keywords: Confirmed case; Epidemiological survey; Hubei Province; Schistosomiasis.